Differential letter-space register for composing-machines.



Patented Apr. I, I902.

7 SheetsSheet I.

G. A. GOODSON. DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REG|STER FOR COMPUSINGMACHINES.

' Abplication filed Sept. 3, 1901.) (No Model.)

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No. 696,732. PatntedAp r. I, I902. I a. A. eoonsou.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPOSING MACHINES. (Applicationfiled Sept. '3, 1901.

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Patented Apr. I, I902.

G. A. GUUDSON.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR GDMPOSING MACHINES.

(Application filed Sept. 8, 1901.}

7 Sheets$heet 3.

(No Model.)

wi hamao WMMLJ No. 696,732. Patented Apr. I, I902. a. A. aoonson.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPOSING MACHINES.

(Application filed. Sept. 3, 1901.)

No. 696,732. Patented Apr. l, I902. G. A. GOODSON.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPOSING MACHINES.

(Application filed Sept. 3, 1901) (No Mod ei.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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G. A. GOODSDN. DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPOSINGMACHINES.

Application filed Sept. 3, 1901.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 696,732 Patented Apr. I, I902. G. A. GOODSON.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPDSING MACHINES. (Applicationfiled Sept. 3, 1901.)

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

m: walls Pn'ms co, moroumo" wnmnGTon n c Usirrnn STATES PATENT Prion,

GEORGE ARTHUR GOODSON, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO THEGOODSON GRAPIIOTYPE COMPANY, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y., A CORPO- RATION OF NEWJERSEY.

DIFFERENTIAL LETTER-SPACE REGISTER FOR COMPOSING-MACHINES.

SPEGIFIGATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 696,732, dated April 1,1902.

Application filed September 3, 1901. Serial No. 74,062. (No model.)

To ttZl whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE ARTHUR GOOD- SON, a citizen of Canada,residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State ofMinnesota,- have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDifferential Letter- Space Registers for Composing-Machines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same. Y

My invention has for its object to provide an improved differentialletter-space register for composing-machines.

This improved register was especially designed for use on what is knownas the Goodson composing-machine, which composingmachine is disclosedmost nearly in its commercial form in my prior United States patent, No.606,007, of date June 21, 1898. Said composing-machine disclosed in saidPatent No. 606,007 produces a perforated or punctured strip,representing the composition,

which strip subsequently comes into use on what is known as the Goodsontype casting and setting machine for controlling the actions of saidmachine, so as to produce justified lines of individual type. SaidGoodson 0 type casting and setting machine is disclosed most nearly inits commercial form in my prior United States patent, No. 609,098, ofdate August 16, 1898. The type cast and set on said machine disclosed insaid Patent No. 5 609,098, including quads as type, are in running widthof face all multiples of a common unit, and the type are set injustified lines of some predetermined length as measured in the commonunit. In said Goodson composing-machine an ordinary type-writing machineis provided with electric connections to a strip-perforator forproducing the representative strip under the action ofthe typewritingmachine. In order to provide for the 5 justification of the line of typeon the type casting and setting machine, holes are made in the strip,representing the amount of justification, or the number of units ofshortage 'or excess requiring distribution in order to justify the line.Otherwise stated, the strip made on the composing-machine is fed intothe type casting and setting machine in the reverse order of its making,and the holes made in said strip to represent the amount ofjustification required come first into action on the type casting andsetting machine be fore any type are cast and are operative to controlthe setting of a justifier in such a manner that quads will be made onthe typecasting machine of the proper size to justify the line. Hence onthis composing-machine it is necessary to employ a differential registerof some kind which will indicate to the .eye of the operator the amountof letter-space which has been represented on the strip when 6 5 theline of composition is broken in order to ascertain the amount ofletter-space by way of shortage or excess which will requiredistribution in order to justify the line. It is highly desirable tohave a register which Will indicate to the operator the amount ofletterspace represented by the line of composition and also the amountof the shortage or excess requiring distribution for purposes ofjustification. Otherwise stated, it is desirable to avoid thenecessityfor any mental calculation on the part of the operator. Such aregister was disclosed in my prior patent, No. 605,957, of date June 21,1898, entitled Differential letter-space register for composing- 8omachines.

Different publications employ columns differing in width, or, otherwisestated, the length of the lines vary to a considerable extent indifferent publications and sometimes in the same publication. It istherefore desirable to have a register which can be readily and reliablyset to indicate the letter-space of lines of any desired length and atthe same time to indicate reliably the shortage orex go cess ofletter-space expressed in the common unit which will requiredistribution in order to justify the line.

My present invention has for its object to meet these conditions and isin the nature of 5 an improvement on the invention disclosed in my saidprior patent, No. 605,957, of date June 21, 1898. The present machinedoes exactly the same work by modified and improved mechanism and alsois capable of ready adjustment as requiredto afford the desired readingsor indications, as above stated,

for lines varying greatly in length as ex-' pressed in the common unit.

To the ends above noted my invention consists of the novel devices andcombinations of devices which will be hereinafter described, and definedin the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein likenotations refer tolike parts throughout the several views.

' In said drawings, Figure l is a view in front elevation,showingtheregister detached. Fig. 2 is a view showing the register in rearelevation with the removable part of the cover or casing removed fromthe main part or frame portion of the casing. Fig. 3 is a centralvertical section on the line x of Fig. 2.- Fig. 4 is a similar view onthe line 00 00 of Fig. 2. Figs. 3 and 4 are taken on the samesection-line, but looking in opposite directions. Fig. 5 is a horizontalsection on the line 00 00 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail showing thelarge or main gear-wheel of the primary counter and the adjustabledriving device for the secondary counter in relation thereto with saidparts detached and shown as they would appear in plan view when laiddown flatwise. Fig. 7 is a view in end elevation showing the register inits preferred location in respect to the type-writer and the travelingkeyboard of the justification-box, some ofthe parts being shown indiagram only and others removed. Fig. Sis a View, chiefly in diagram,showing some of the parts illustrated in Fig. .7 in plan; and Fig. 9 isa view inrearelevation with some parts broken away, showing some of theparts illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.

I To the face of a suitable clock-like frame or-casing a are secured apair of dial-plates b and c. The dial bis of circular form and isgraduated to indicate units sufficient for the longest line ofcomposition that would be desired. The gradnations on the dial 1) denoteunits, but the readings are only printed thereon in multiples of ten.

The dial-plate c is of segmental form and is graduated and marked withreadings to denote single units from -8 to +15. The dial-plate c islocated directly over the dialplate I), and the pointers of the twodial-plates move in opposite directions. The pointer 12', whichcooperates with the dial-plate 1), moves clockwise, or from the lefttoward the right, in its counting action. The pointer c, whichcooperates with'the segmental dial-plate 0,

moves in the opposite direction, or from the right toward the left, soas to count backward, or from the highest algebraic number, +15, towardthe lowest algebraic number,

, or -8.' The said algebraic numbers, ranging from 8 to +15, constitutewhat may be called the margin of justification provided for in theGoodson system. Other- Wise stated, in the Goodson system in themachines disclosed in the prior patents hereinbefore identifiedprovision is made for the distribution of twenty-three units ofletter-space for purposes ofj ustification. Of these twentythree unitsprovision is made for the distribution of fifteen units by way ofaddition and eight units by way of subtraction. Otherwise stated, thequads may be increased above normal, so as to provide for thedistribution of a shortage of fifteen units, if necessary, or the quadsmay be decreased below the normal size, so as to provide for thedistribution of an excess of eight units, if necessary.-

The dial 1), with its pointer b and the mechanism for operating thesame, constitutes what may be conveniently called the primary counter,and the dial 0, with its pointer c and the means for operating,constitutes what may be conveniently called the secondary counter. Theprimary counter counts from the start to the end of the composition. Thesecondary counter does not begin to count until some predetermined stepof the counting movement of the primary counter, or, other- Wise stated,the secondary counter only counts within the margin of possible justification.

The secondary counter is driven from the primary counter by anadjustable driving device, which maybe so set as to cause the primarycounter to begin to operate the secondary counter at any desiredpredetermined step in the counting action of the primary counter,thereby adapting the register for use to afford the proper readings forlines of any desired predetermined length.

WVith this preliminary statement of the general actions the details maybe readily fol lowed. The pointer 12 is secured to turn with an arbor 0rshaft 17 which is suitably journaled in bearings fixed to or forming apart of the main frame a. Said arbor 1) inside the casing is providedwith a main or comparatively large spur gear-wheel b keyed or otherwisemade fast thereto. Said spur gearwheel b is in mesh with a pinion orsmaller spur gear-wheel g, which is keyed or otherwise made fast to ashaft g, journaled in suitable bearings fixed to or forming a part ofthe main frame a. The shaft g has also keyed or otherwise made fastthereto a ratchet- Wheel 9 A three-armed pawl-lever g is loosely pivotedon the shaft g and has pivoted to its uppermost or head end aspring-pawl g for cooperation with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 9 Tothe depending or approximately vertical arm of the pawl-lever g ispivoted a link 9, connecting said pawl-lever with an armature-lever 7.3.The armature-lever 7c is subject to a magnet and a cooperating spring 70which is adjustable in tension. The lowermost or tail end of thepawl-lever moves over a guide-plate k in which are mounted a series oflive stops it for variably interpawl g downward or over thelteeth of'themovable and one thereof is fi xed the fir ed member, as shown, being atthe top of the series of armature-levers 79, which in turn are subjectto a corresponding series of armatures 76 With the devices so fardescribed it is obvious that every time the main orlarge magnet 7t isenergized the pawl-lever 9 will be rocked in a direction to throw thespringratchet-wheel g The movable members of the stops 76 have theirupper ends normally out of the path of the tail end of thepawl-lever 9but may be thrown upward into the path of said lever under the action ofthe magnets 76 If noneof the magnets 712 are energized, then thepawl-lever will move to its limit or until thetail end of the leverstrikes the uppermost orfixed member of the series of stops 70 whichfixed member always stands in the path .Of the tail end of thepawllever. Hence whenever the main magnet 7t is energized the pawl-leverwill move the spring-pawl g backward over a greateror less number of theteeth of the ratchet-wheelgi, according to which member of the series ofstops 7& is caused or permitted to intercept the pawl-lever, and whenthe magnet 70 is deenergized the spring k will impart the .reverse orfeeding motion to the pawl-lever g", thereby moving the ratchet-wheel gand all the parts connected therewith a corresponding number of steps. Aretaining springpawl g holds the ratchet-wheel g? in its set or fedposition. The feed-pawl gt is limited in its forward or feedingmovementby a oom-.

bined banking and locking stopig7, which cooperates with the head of thepawl g not only to limit the forward throw of the pawl, but to lock thepawl to, the ratchet-wheel, thereby preventing any overthrow or any.backlash of the ratchet-wheel g and parts operated thereby.

. The electric connections for the magnets 70 and lc are or may beexactly the same as those fully disclosed in my prior patent,No.606,007,

of June 21, 1898, and in view of the full dis:

closure made therein it has not been deemed.

necessary to illustrate the same for the purposes of this case. It isthought sufficient to state thatall the keys of the type-writer key Iboard with respect to theletter-spaceirew quired for the charactersrepresented thereby and for the normal word-space may be classified intofive groups rangingfrom two to six units. In that classification thenormal word-space would be two units. The movable members of the stopsit correspond to four of said groups and the uppermostor'fixedmemberof'said stops kf correspond to the fifthor, group largest in sizeof face.

The .difierent groups of keys each have the proper electric connectionto the proper corresponding magnet k, and the main or feed magnet id ison.

the common return-wire for all the stopnnztgpawl-lever g as requiredtoimpart the proper corresponding feed movement to the ratchet-wheel 9 Ifthe key struck be in the group having the largest size of face, thennone of the magnets will be energized, but the proper connections willbe established to energize the feed-magnet 7c, .and the pawllever g3will beintercepted by the fixed member of the movable stops 70 thissecuring the largest feed movement of the ratchet-wheel 9 under theaction ofthe spring k when the magnet 71: is deenergized.

The rotation of the ratchet-wheel 9 through the pinion or small spurgear-wheel. g of course rotates the large spur gear-wheelb f and thearbor 6 which in turn moveswthe.

pointer b of the primarycounter in the di rection required. Pivoted tothe arbor b alongside the rear faceof the gear-wheel 11 is adriving-armb, shown as provided witha pin 6", adapted to engage withanyone of a series of holes 6 formed in the profile faceof said wheel b forlockingsaidarm-thereto in any desired driving position, as best shown inFigs. 2 and 6..

The pointer c of the secondary counter is attachedto an arbor 0 which isjournaled insuitable bearingsfixed .toor forming apart of themain framea, and has keyed or other, wise made fast thereto a spur gear-wheel e?Said spur gear-wheel c is in imeshiwith the.

segmental gear cflcarriedat the upper or outer end of a radius bar orarm-c which radiusbar is pivoted to the arbor b of the primary counter.A spring-arm c isalso pivoted to said arbor. b and is provided atitsiouter end with a pin 0 adapted to engage with any oneof a series of.five holes 0 in the segmental gear 0 The spring-armc is: so

related tolthe radius-bar c and the holes 0 are so positioned in thesegmental gear 0 that the said spring-arm 0 maybe given,as shown,fivestepsot adjustment beyondthat edge of the radius-bar c towardthedriving-faceof thearm I), carried by the spur gear-Wheel b Thespurgear-wheel c of the secondarycounter is subject to a barrel-spring0, which,

tendstothrowthe segmental. gear 0 intolits initial or normalposition,withone end-thereof resting against a fixed stop 0 .At the proper timevinthe rotation .of the spur gearwheel 12 the driving-arm 19 carriedthereby.

will come in contact with thespring-arm of",

and thereafter will move the segmental gear 0 and cause the same tooperate the secondary counter. ,Thedriving-arm b adjusts in multiples offive .units and the spring-arm 0 adjusts in singleunits.

If the column width or predetermined line lengthbe onehundred and fiftyunits, for. eX- 1 ample, then the parts I) and 0 one or both,

Suppose that the predetermined line next desired should be one of onehundred and fifty-five units. Then by shifting the arm 5 backward, sothat the pin thereof will engage with the next rearward member of'theholes b in the 'spurgear-wheel b the primary conn-= ter will begin tooperate the secondary counter five units later or at the one hundred andforty-first step of its motion, thereby causing the justification-dial cto give the same relative readings as before. In a similar way byadjusting the arm I) alone the driving device for operating thesecondary counter from the primary counter may be set for adapting theregister to any desired line differing from the last previous line forwhich the machine was set by five units or any multiple thereof. If itis desired to adjust the machine for a difference in lines of less thanfive units, then the adjustment is effected by shifting the arm 0 so asto cause the pin c to engage with the proper member of the holes 0 inthe segmental gear 0 For example, suppose the predetermined line forwhich the machine had last been used was one having a length of onehundred and fifty units and it is desired to use the machine for onehaving one hundred and fiftyone units. Let it also he assumed that whenthe machine was in use for a line of one hundred and fifty units the pin0 of the arm a was in that member ofthe holes a on the segment 0 locatednearest to the stop 0 or initial position of the segment 0 Then bychanging the pin 0 to the hole next in order or next most remote fromthe stop 0 it is of course obvious that the primary counter will notbegin to move the secondary counter until one step later in its feedmovement. Still otherwise stated, when the line was one hundred andfifty units the primary counter began to move the secondary counter atthe one hundred and thirty-sixth step ofits feed movement,and after thechange justhereinbefore described the primary counter would begin tomove the secondary counter at the one hundred and thirty-seventh step ofthe primary counters movement. Since the adjustment in multiples of fivecan be made by resetting the arm 12 of the spur gear-wheel b and sincean adjustment in units from one to five may be made by properly settingthe arm 0 in respect to the segmental gear c it follows that provisionis made for a universal adjustment of the driving device which impartsmotion to the secondary from the primary counter. The register may,therefore, be adapted to lines of any desired length by simply adjustingsaid driving device in one orboth of the ways described, and in all theadjustments the secondface with a stop-lug which when the'primarycounter is in its initial position abuts against a fixed stop 19 asshown in Fig. 4, removably secured to the main frame (1-.

27 which is wound up under the feed motion of the ratchet-wheel b andwhich returns all the parts of the primary counter to their initial ornormal starting positions whenever the ratchet isreleased from itsfeeding andretaining pawls g and g A three-armed releasing-lever h hasits head pivoted to the same support It to which is pivoted theretaining-pawl g and has its horioverreaches the tail end of theretaining-pawl g and its downwardly-extended or long arm underreaches alaterally-projecting part of the feed-pawl g, with said parts all sorelated that when the bell-crank lever h3 is rocked upward, therebypulling the link if and releasing-lever h laterally outward, the twopawls g and 9 will be released from the ratchet-wheel g thereby allowingthe springs 19 and c to restore all the parts of the register to theirnormal or initial positions. The bell-crank lever his subject to aspring 7?, tending to hold the same in its normal position, and to areleasing-rod h for raising said lever 71 against the tension of saidspring h.

The releasing devices above described might of course be operated byhand. It is desirable, however, to minimize or eliminate all handmotions otherwise than those required to manipulate the keys of thetype-writer. Hence in this instance I provide means for effecting anautomatic release of the counting devices under the action of thetraveling keyboard 19 (shown in Figs. 7 and 8) and constituting a partof the justifier used on the composing-machine, as disclosed in my priorpatent, No. 606,007, hereinbefore noted. As fully described in saidPatent No. 606,007, the said traveling keyboard 19 is set by hand in aninitial or starting position and moved forward step by step under anescapement action over the underlying connection-box 13 whenever aword-space is struck at the type- The spur gear-wheel b is subject to abarrel-spring writer t. I attach to the end of said travelingkeyboard 1) a projection 19 which when said traveling keyboard is pushedrearward toits limit or one step beyond its initial or startin ositionwill actuate ro er connec-. b i

tions to effect the release of the counting devices. As shown, theprojection 19 abuts against the upper arm h of a rock-shaft 7H (shown inFigs. 7 and 8) can be thrown rearward beyond its initial positionagainst the tension of its retracting or feed spring p and then when.the operator lets go of the same it immediately moves forward one stepunder the action of said spring to assume its initial or startingposition. Hence said traveling keyboard can be used, as described, toeffect the release of the register-ratchet and will, nevertheless,assume an initial or set position, which does not prevent the pawls ofthe register-ratchet assuming their normal or Working positions undertheaction of gravity and the spring 72 In order to check the return motionof the:

parts of the register under the tension of the springs b andc and inorder to prevent backlash therefrom at the limit of the returnmovements, I provide a friction-brake applicable to theprimary counter.have shown on the arbor 19 a friction disk or Wheel 1', against whichmay act the upper end of a bell-crank spring-rocker o which has itselbow pivotedto the base of the casing a, as best shown in Fig. 2.

passes the releasing-rod h. Said releasingrod 71 is provided with acollar r directly underlying the horizontal arm of said rocker 'r'. Alight spring 1' encircles the releasingrod it between the releasingbell-crank lever 71 and the upper face of the horizontal arm of thespring-rocker r, andhence this spring r will always hold the bell-crankspringrocker r with its horizontal arm pressed downward to its limitagainst the collar 7' on the rod 72. It follows that when thereleasing-rod 71, isin its lowermost or normal position the upper end ofthe spring-rocker r will be held awayfrom the friction disk or wheel r.Hence during the counting action of the parts the brake is idle. When,however, the rod [L6 is raised to itsuppermost limit, as is required forreleasing the pawls from the feed-ratchet, the collar 1' will raise thehorizontal arm of the bell-crank springrocker r, and thereby throw theupperend or tip of the vertical arm of said rocker against the face ofthe friction-disk 'r and put the For this purpose I The horizontal armof the bell-crank spring-rocker r is ,bifur-y cated or provided with aslot 1", through which same under slight friction. This will check thereturn motion of the parts under the action of the springs Z)" and c",and when the parts reach their normal position the upper end ortip ofthe spring-rocker 0" will catch under a'shallow shoulder or notch rprovided on the profile face of the disk 1", and thereby prevent anybacklash of the parts.

Respecting the spring-finger c, it should have beennoted that the sameis provided with anopenslot 0, through which passes the shank of asetscrew e as best shown in 1 Fig. 6. Saidscrew e is tapped into theradius-bar c ,andihel1ead of the screw embraces the outer face of thespring-finger 0 thereby serving to take the cramp under thespring motionof said parts 0 when said spring-finger c is sprung outward to shift thepin 0 from one to another of the holes 0 in the radius-bar As in myprior patent, No. 606,007, the notations on the dial of the secondaryorjustification counter of the register correspond to the notations on thekeys of the traveling keyboard 29 of the justifier used on thecomposing-machine and indicated in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings. Hence,as in said patent, when the operator on the type writing machine reachesthe place where he must break the line of composition he glances at thesecondary counter or justiticationdndicator and the pointer shows himthe proper key of the traveling keyboard which he must strike in orderto make the justification-holes in the strip through the connectionsfrom said justification-box p to the strip-perforator, all as indicatedin my said prior patent.

It will of course be understood that the details of the construction ofmy improved register herein disclosed may be varied Without departingfrom the spirit of my invention. It will be further understood that theimproved register herein disclosed, while especially designed for use inthe Goodson system of machines for the production of justified lines ofindividual type, is capable of general application tocomposing-machines. 7

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:

1. Aregister for com posing-machines,which register has, in combination,aprimary unitscounter, a secondary units-counter, orjustification-indicator, and an adjustable driving device, foroperatingthe secondary counter from the primary counter, wherebytheprimary counter may be made to begin to move the secondary counter atany desired step of the primary counters movement, thusadapting theregister for lines of different length, substantially as described.

a 2. Aregisterforcomposingmachines,which registerhas, in combination,aprimary unitscounter, a secondary units-counterorajustification-indicator, and a, driving device for operating thesecondary counter from, the primary counter, which driving. device has atwofold or double adjustment, to wit, oueadjustment in units, within alimited range, I for returning the same to their normal or inand anotheradjustment in multiples of the range limit of said unit adjustment,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a composing-machine, having a traveling element under the controlof the operator at the keyboard, of a differential letterspace register,and releasing connections for permitting the counting devices of saidregister to return to their normal or initial starting positions, whichreleasing connections are operated automatically from said travelingelement of the composing-machine, substantially as and for the purposeset'forth.

4. In a letter-space register, the combina: ,tion with the countingdevices, of a frictionbrake operative on some movable element of thecounting devices, to check the return motion and prevent any backlash ofsaid counting devices, substantially as described.

5. In a letter-space register, the combination with counting devicessubject to springs for returning the same to their normal or initialstarting positions, of ratchet and pawl itial starting positions, ofratchet and pawl devices for moving the counting devices against thetension of said springs, in the counting action, a friction-brake foraction on said counting device during the return motion thereof only,and a releasing device operative to release the pawls from the ratchetand to set the brake, substantially as described.

7. Ina letter-space register, the combination with the primary counterhaving the main gear-wheel 19 of the secondary counter having thegear-Wheel c and the intermediate driving device, for operating thesecondary from the primary counter, comprising a driving-arm pivoted tothe arbor of the primary counter and adapted to be locked in differentadjustments to said gear-wheel b the radius-bar c pivoted to the arborof the primary counter and having the secondary gear 0 in mesh withthe'gear-wheel c of the secondary counter and the spring-arm c alsopivoted to the arbor of the primary counter and adapted to be locked tosaid segment 0 in diiferent adjustments, all for cooperation,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE ARTHUR GOODSON.

Witnesses:

OHAs. E. HUNTER, JAs. F. WILLIAMsoN.

